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173

SAM7S Series [DATASHEET]

6175M–ATARM–26-Oct-12

23.7.5

Protect Mode

The Protect Mode permits reading the Interrupt Vector Register without performing the associated automatic oper-

ations. This is necessary when working with a debug system. When a debugger, working either with a Debug

Monitor or the ARM processor's ICE, stops the applications and updates the opened windows, it might read the

AIC User Interface and thus the IVR. This has undesirable consequences:

If an enabled interrupt with a higher priority than the current one is pending, it is stacked.

If there is no enabled pending interrupt, the spurious vector is returned.

In either case, an End of Interrupt command is necessary to acknowledge and to restore the context of the AIC.

This operation is generally not performed by the debug system as the debug system would become strongly intru-

sive and cause the application to enter an undesired state.

This is avoided by using the Protect Mode. Writing DBGM in AIC_DCR (Debug Control Register) at 0x1 enables

the Protect Mode.

When the Protect Mode is enabled, the AIC performs interrupt stacking only when a write access is performed on

the AIC_IVR. Therefore, the Interrupt Service Routines must write (arbitrary data) to the AIC_IVR just after reading

it. The new context of the AIC, including the value of the Interrupt Status Register (AIC_ISR), is updated with the

current interrupt only when AIC_IVR is written.

An AIC_IVR read on its own (e.g., by a debugger), modifies neither the AIC context nor the AIC_ISR. Extra

AIC_IVR reads perform the same operations. However, it is recommended to not stop the processor between the

read and the write of AIC_IVR of the interrupt service routine to make sure the debugger does not modify the AIC

context.

To summarize, in normal operating mode, the read of AIC_IVR performs the following operations within the AIC:

1. Calculates active interrupt (higher than current or spurious).

2. Determines and returns the vector of the active interrupt.

3. Memorizes the interrupt.

4. Pushes the current priority level onto the internal stack.

5. Acknowledges the interrupt.

However, while the Protect Mode is activated, only operations 1 to 3 are performed when AIC_IVR is read. Opera-

tions 4 and 5 are only performed by the AIC when AIC_IVR is written.

Software that has been written and debugged using the Protect Mode runs correctly in Normal Mode without mod-

ification. However, in Normal Mode the AIC_IVR write has no effect and can be removed to optimize the code.

23.7.6

Spurious Interrupt

The Advanced Interrupt Controller features protection against spurious interrupts. A spurious interrupt is defined as

being the assertion of an interrupt source long enough for the AIC to assert the nIRQ, but no longer present when

AIC_IVR is read. This is most prone to occur when:

An external interrupt source is programmed in level-sensitive mode and an active level occurs for only a short

time.

An internal interrupt source is programmed in level sensitive and the output signal of the corresponding

embedded peripheral is activated for a short time. (As in the case for the Watchdog.)

An interrupt occurs just a few cycles before the software begins to mask it, thus resulting in a pulse on the

interrupt source.

The AIC detects a spurious interrupt at the time the AIC_IVR is read while no enabled interrupt source is pending.

When this happens, the AIC returns the value stored by the programmer in AIC_SPU (Spurious Vector Register).

The programmer must store the address of a spurious interrupt handler in AIC_SPU as part of the application, to

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